Art of manufacturing forged car-wheels.



PATENTED DEC. 5, 1905. 0. T. SGHOEN. ART OF MANUFACTURING FORGED GAR WHEELS.

- APPLICATION FILED P111311, 1906.

W1TNESSES: J 6- I [/VVE/VTQR Attorney ZOQJ/ V UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 5, 1 905.

Application filed February 21, 1905. Serial No. 246,739.

1'0 aLI/w/cmn it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES T. SOHOEN, a citizen of the United States, residin at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in the Artof Manufacturing Forged Car Wheels, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of this invention is to produce a wrou ht car-wheel.

A at slab of metal of appropriate size and thickness is produced by rolling out an ingot, and care being taken to remove all portions containing pipin s and other defects that may not be cure by the subsequent forging and rolling an angular or circular blank is cut from the slab and subjected to the action of dies, whereby the hub, web, and rim are formed in embryo. Under this treatment the blank is enlarged in an irregular manner and then is sheared to approximate wheel-diameter. The thus sheared blank is subjected to pressure in dies, whereby the hub and ad'acent ortions of the rim are substantially finishe and the flanged rim produced. The blank is then subjected to the action of rolls which stretch the web radially and reduce and finish it and the tread and flange, and thereafter the wheel is dished or coned and its rim rounded or trued in any approved way.

In the accompanying drawings, illustratin the invention, in the several figures of whicfi like parts are similarly designated, Figure 1 is an edge elevation of a circular or angular blank, and Figs. 2, 3, 4, and5 are central crosssections representing the successive steps in the formatlon of the wheel. Fig. 6 is a composite cross-section composed of the arts shown in Fi s. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, and it 1s designed to il ustrate the changes in contour and diameter in transforming the blank of Fig 1 into the finished dished or coned wheel of ig. 5.

The presenceof pipings or other defects in a car-Wheel are soon develo ed by use, and any such defects in a blan from which a wrought car-wheel is produced cannot be cured by the forging or rolling operations to which it is subjected in the manufacture of such wheels. It is therefore necessar to se lect a blank that is free from all such efects.

If an ingot be rolled into a strip about four and three-quarters inches thick by twentyseven inches wide and of indefinite length, the pipings or segregations which originally occur in the top of the ingot will appear in the forward end of the strip when it is rolled down, and hence this forward end may be cut ofi until only solid metal is reached. From this solid metal is cut a slab of suitable dimensions to form a wheel of the desired diameter. This slab may be reduced by forging to a circular body or it may be taken in its rectangular shape and in either instance subjected to the action of dies. Suppose the slab 1 to be of the relative proportions shown in Fi 1. The first-operation dies will shape this slab, as indicated in Fig. 2, so as to make in embryo the hub 2, web 3, and rim 4, leaving a diaphra m 5 of metal within the hub. The product 0 the first-operation dies (shown in Fig. 2) has its rim sheared, and the shear is represented by the lines 6. It may be noted here that the shears descend in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 2, and the product shown in Fig. 2 is inverted in the view, so as to make its center lines conform to the center lines of the other figures. The shear is effected while the product is still in the dies. This product, Fig. 2, is then subjected to the action of-other dies, whereby the hub 7 is formed and also the portion 8 of the web adjacent the hub, and the web is reduced in thickness, and the metal at 4, Fig. 2, is brought into the sha e of a rudimentary rim 9 and flange 10. it the conclusion of this operation the diaphragm 5 may be punched out of the hub, so that the hub is practically completed. The product of Fig. 3 is then subj ect-ed to the action of rolls which further reduce the web 11 and extend it radially and finish the inner surfaces 12 and 13 of the rim, while other rolls finish the flange 14 and tread 15, all as shown in Fig. 4. The product of Fig. 4 is then ready for the dishing or coming operation, as shown in 5.

As shown in Fig. 6, the st operation transforms the blank in ever direction, increasing its thickness at the hub and decreasing it in thickness in.the Web and rim and stretching it radially, and the next operation further reduces the web portion in thickness and Widens out the rim portion in addition to shaping it, and the next operation further reduces and finishes the Web and increases the blank ra'dially to finished size, maintaining the width of rim, While decreasing its thickness and drawing out the flange. Wi 1 rule, and the blank may be discarded at that 5 point, so that the risk of producing defective Correction in Letters Patent No. 806,580.

Wheels is reduced practically to a nnnimum. Any defects in the blank that may be cured by the Welding action of the dies will be rectified by the successive forging operations to Which the blank is subjected.

Of course the blank is heated in the first instance and reheated as often thereafter as is necessary, although it is possible by the use of expeditious transferring machinery to perform the three die operations represented-in Figs. 2, 3, and 4 in one heat.

Any irregularity or unevenness in the tread may be corrected by a suitable rounding ap paratus, such as dies or a milling-machine.

What I claim is The art of manufacturing for ed car-Wheels consisting in roducing a sla of Wrou ht metal practica y free of. pipings and 0t er structural defects, heating it, die-forming thereon a rudimentary hub, Web and tread, shearing the rim, next finishin the hub and the adjacent web and shaping the rim in dies, and then reducing the Web and extending it radially to the proper diameter and finishing the tread and flange by rolling.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 17th day of February, A. D.

CHARLES Ti SCI-IOEN.

Witnesses:

WM. L. AoHILLES, THOMAS G. HILL.

I is hereby certified that in Letters Patent N 0. 806,580, granted December 5 1905 upon the application of Charles T. Schoen,

improvement in the of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for an n i Art of Manufacturing Forged Car-Wheels, an error appears i the printed specification requiring correction, n

as follows: On page 2, line 25, the word ereon should read thereof; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with 1S 0 y th 01180131011 bheleln the Same ma: 0011101111 to the IGCOld Of bhe Case 111 [3116 Patent Ofiice.

Signed and sealed this 19th day of December [SEAL] E. B. MOORE, Acting Commissioner of Patents.

rim, While decreasing its thickness and drawing out the flange. Wi 1 rule, and the blank may be discarded at that 5 point, so that the risk of producing defective Correction in Letters Patent No. 806,580.

Wheels is reduced practically to a nnnimum. Any defects in the blank that may be cured by the Welding action of the dies will be rectified by the successive forging operations to Which the blank is subjected.

Of course the blank is heated in the first instance and reheated as often thereafter as is necessary, although it is possible by the use of expeditious transferring machinery to perform the three die operations represented-in Figs. 2, 3, and 4 in one heat.

Any irregularity or unevenness in the tread may be corrected by a suitable rounding ap paratus, such as dies or a milling-machine.

What I claim is The art of manufacturing for ed car-Wheels consisting in roducing a sla of Wrou ht metal practica y free of. pipings and 0t er structural defects, heating it, die-forming thereon a rudimentary hub, Web and tread, shearing the rim, next finishin the hub and the adjacent web and shaping the rim in dies, and then reducing the Web and extending it radially to the proper diameter and finishing the tread and flange by rolling.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 17th day of February, A. D.

CHARLES Ti SCI-IOEN.

Witnesses:

WM. L. AoHILLES, THOMAS G. HILL.

I is hereby certified that in Letters Patent N 0. 806,580, granted December 5 1905 upon the application of Charles T. Schoen,

improvement in the of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for an n i Art of Manufacturing Forged Car-Wheels, an error appears i the printed specification requiring correction, n

as follows: On page 2, line 25, the word ereon should read thereof; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with 1S 0 y th 01180131011 bheleln the Same ma: 0011101111 to the IGCOld Of bhe Case 111 [3116 Patent Ofiice.

Signed and sealed this 19th day of December [SEAL] E. B. MOORE, Acting Commissioner of Patents.

Correction in y cPrtifiPd that in Lebtms Patent No. 800.580, granted December :3 NHL), of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania fur an an error uppmn's in "Kline 251%- E. B MOOREv 

